Societal coexistence between Muslims and Copts in Nubia during the first centuries of Hijra in the light of the Arabic papyrus documents

Document Type : Original Article

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Faculty of Tourism & Hotels - Sadat City University

Abstract

          This research sheds light on tolerance, peaceful coexistence and good relations between Muslims and Copts of the Nubian people in Egypt during the first centuries of Hijra, and the tolerant teachings of Islam have emerged through the enjoyment of Copts under the Muslim rulers in Egypt to preserve rights, property and protection, and the most informed evidence of this was the Treaty of Al-Baqat as well as good dealing between Copts and Muslims in Egyptian society so that we find contracts for sale, purchase and supply of grain and lists of workers and farmers for Copts in the texts of the Arabic papyri were done According to Islamic law, they willingly without being forced, in addition to dealing with Muslim witnesses, and this is what will be addressed in this research through two Arabic papyrus bearing the names of Copts from the people of Nubia and the names of Muslims,  One of the most important findings of the research is the restriction of trade or transactions with regard to wine between Christians and each other, so that the papyrus did not mention any of the names of Muslims out of respect for the laws of the state and the teachings of Islam, and this is a clear evidence of the existence of a culture of difference and freedom of practice for customs and traditions that belong to the dhimmis among themselves, even with their difference from the teachings of the Islamic religion, i.e. mutual respect for the practice of different customs of others without prejudice to the customs and traditions of the other.

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