Intelligence in Ancient Egypt: Be Smart and Feel Your Identity

The ancient Egyptians believed that each individual came into the world with a unique gift. that is known as the innate good trait. This is emphasized in their texts, particularly the autobiographies and teachings. One of these innate good traits, which significantly contribute to shaping an individual's intellectual and behavioral identity since the moment he is born, is being smart/intelligent. This research explores how the ancient Egyptians perceived and integrated intelligence into various aspects of their society, emphasizing its moral, practical, and innovative dimensions. The study employs a historical-analytical methodology, combining literary analysis of texts like the Instructions of Ptahhotep with contextual interpretation of myths to illustrate the role of intelligence in society. The heart was regarded as the seat of emotion and intellect, crucial for spiritual judgment and personal identity, a belief that aligns in part with modern cardiac research. The research explores the symbolism of deities such as Thoth and Ptah, who represented multifaceted intelligence connecting thought, speech, and creation. It also highlights architectural innovations, like wetting sand to transport stones, thermal comfort designs, and solar-aligned temples, showcasing practical applications of intelligence. Additionally, the ancient educational system emphasized the development of multiple intelligences, fostering holistic personal growth and societal contributions.